What are the ganglia that? Should we worry about it?

John Τσαπακίδη
The ganglia were known since the time of Hippocrates, who called it “μυξοειδή flesh”…
During the centuries there have been many hypotheses to explain eventually their origin.
At times they thought that they were neoplasms, ορογόνοι cysts or even μυξοματοειδείς degenerations of connective tissue. There were many hypotheses as to the origin, such as herniation of the rotator capsular or synovial bursal neoplasia and mucous degeneration of fibrous tissue.
In 1872, Volkmann, describing the ganglia, observed that from hernias of the articular enclaves. The theory of this was confirmed in 1971 by Andren and Eiken, who revealed the communication through the tubular pipe with the joint pockets.
The etiology of the simple gland, even today, remains unclear, and most researchers have come up with three main versions:
(a) ganglia are derived from projections ορογόνου hymen,
(b) cystic formations,
(c) Is a neoplastic or degenerative cysts.
Today, the prevailing theory is that the ganglion is derived from various mesenchymal cells, which secrete and the content liquid.
The ganglia are the most common cystic swellings of the soft tissues of the hand and wrist and correspond to 2/3 of benign tumors of the hand are closely associated with joints or tendon sheaths and contain μυξοειδές material.
The most frequently occurring ganglia located on the dorsal surface of the wrist, at a rate of 60-70 % and εξορμώνται from the σκαφο-μηνοειδή hinge.
Following the ganglia of the anterior surface of the wrist which εξορμώνται from the radio-carpal joint or from the vessel – polygonal hinge.
The third frequency region comes from the sheath of the flexor tendons of the fingers. The ganglia of the area of the fruit cause most of the times, cosmetic disorders and pain when “arise”. Many patients, despite the assurance from them that are benign nodules, terrorized by their volume, fearing for any malignancy. Can be perceived suddenly or may appear gradually, while the size of th increase and decrease, depending on how tired our hand
The ganglia have a smooth and transparent surface of fibrous tissue, and wall of varying thickness, which contains a lucid μυξοειδή substance, made up of glucosamine, albumin, γκλομπουλίνη and high-density hyaluronic acid. Are you πολύχωρες cysts or even one when they involve in the tendon sheaths.
The dorsal ganglia are derived mainly from εγκολπώματα of synovial follicles, caused by hypersecretion of synovial fluid because of inflammation and may be and multiplex.
The ganglia of the dorsal of the wrist, and in particular those that are located in the radial region of the anatomical ταμβακοθήκης, surround the radial artery during the passage of the in this area and need a great deal of attention during the surgical removal, because it is possible to διατάμουν happens to the artery.
It has been observed that the ganglia of the flexor tendon is often in operators of typewriters, computers, or musical instruments, and attributed to repeated minor injuries, when the frequent bending of the fingers causes, due to friction in the A1 irreparable tendon link (pulley), over-production of fluid and hernia of the ορογόνου υμένος of the tendon.
The ganglia of the wrist sheaths in the post surface of the fingers and thumb are small, the size of a grain of wheat. It is hard, painful nodules that appear at the base of the palm surface of the finger, in the middle of the first phalanx, and in the μετακαρπο-φαλαγγική hinge. Are stable and do not move with the movement of the τένοντος. They are called “Seed ganglia”, “Pearl ganglia” or “sesamoid” and do not show increase in their size over time.
It is also believed that this is the result of professional μικροκακώσεως is happening in operators πληκτρομηχανών. The injuries these cause degeneration of the collagen fibers, which is why many researchers classify the degenerative cysts.
The diagnosis of the ganglion is relatively easy due to the location where it grows, of self-indulgence and transparency to light. Sometimes it is necessary to take x-rays, to rule out the presence of arthritis or the volume of bone and the carrying out ultrasound in order to determine the texture of the morpheme (hemangioma, lipoma, etc.).
The treatment of ganglia is conservative and surgical.
The ganglia are of large rate of recurrence, i.e. recurrence. The reasons that will lead us to deal with them is:
– Beauticians
– Pain from nerve pressure or from friction of the tendon
The conservative treatment in the old days was by placing currency on of the ganglion and split it with a powerful blow of a hammer or a γρόνθου.
Today there is a puncture of the gland with a fine needle, filling of the ganglion with local anesthetic and steroids, and disruption of the wall with multiple holes from the needle in various directions. This treatment is satisfactory, super-fast and leaves no scars. Any relapses are treated in the same way.
The surgical treatment is the radical exception of the ganglion, usually in superficial ganglia, with local anesthesia, in a fully equipped clinic. It usually lasts around 20 minutes.
The patient does not need to remain at the clinic and leave immediately after for home. The finger movements are encouraged from the first moment.
The first change is in the infirmary, after three or four days, when placed on a light ligature. The stitches are removed at two weeks in the infirmary.
To work, coming back almost immediately after, when the pain subsides and you regain strength in the wrist.
Complications
A little tenderness over the surgical incision subsides over time. In the ganglia, there is always the possibility of their recurrence in the same or in a different place.
Source