Why Cosmetics Can Be Dangerous for Children and Teens

There has been a significant rise in the use of skincare products among pre-teens and teenagers—a trend that could harm their self-image and mental health. Using adult-oriented products or those specifically designed for young users, even below the age of 12, can lead to dermatitis, minor injuries, barrier disruption, premature hyperpigmentation, and even acne. Unfortunately, the safety and tolerance of many ingredients in these cosmetic products on children’s and teens’ skin have not been adequately studied, leaving only partial knowledge of the risks to young consumers. Dermatologist Dr. Christos Stamou highlights that adolescence is a transformative period marked by physical and emotional changes, leading to increased skincare needs and aesthetic transformations through cosmetics. However, using such products without medical advice can exacerbate existing skin issues. In recent years, several well-known cosmetic companies have marketed makeup and skincare lines aimed at teenagers and children as young as three. Aggressive marketing tactics have driven this trend, with the U.S. child cosmetics market valued at $1.5 billion in 2022 and projected to reach $2.5 billion by 2030. Social media influencers, known as ‘skinfluencers,’ significantly impact children’s preferences. A study found that 57% of children born after 2010 spend over three hours daily online, especially on platforms like TikTok. Half of them trust these influencers more than family or friends, often promoting treatments and products without specialized knowledge. This trust leads to experimenting with questionable quality or inappropriate products for their age, skin type, and needs. Ingredients in fragrances and various scented products can irritate sensitive young skin, particularly benzophenone, which may cause irritation and increase absorption of other chemicals. A study published in Pediatric Dermatology revealed concerning findings about cleansers, lotions, and moisturizers regarding their safety and efficacy for children and teens. Over-cleansing can damage the skin barrier, causing irritation and microbial imbalance, worsening acne common in teenagers. Toners offer little benefit if proper facial cleansers are used, risking excessive dryness and eczema. Scrubs can inflame and irritate young, sensitive skin. Many teens use anti-aging products unnecessarily, potentially worsening acne or causing irritation and photosensitivity. Retinoids and high concentrations of Vitamin C in creams can also trigger contact dermatitis, itching, and rashes. Hyaluronic acid, popular among adolescents, offers no benefits at this age due to natural production levels. Nail polishes containing toxic toluene or formaldehyde can cause allergies and contact dermatitis. Makeup products like foundations, concealers, powders, and blushes often contain carcinogens and toxic chemicals such as lead, asbestos, PFAS, phthalates, and formaldehyde, affecting the skin and overall health. Using makeup during adolescence can clog pores, lead to acne, and cause allergies due to fragrances, preservatives, and metals. Shared use can also spread infections like herpes or bacterial diseases.