The increase in sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea and chlamydia has been rapid over the past few years in Greece. Specifically, in 2023, cases of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have multiplied significantly compared to 2020. The number of gonorrhea cases tripled, while early syphilis diagnoses doubled. Chlamydia infection cases also showed an upward trend, with a 50% increase compared to 2020.
These figures were released by the Hellenic National Public Health Organization (EODY), emphasizing the importance of safe sexual practices. As summer travel brings people from across Europe into closer contact, it is essential to stay informed about STIs, prioritize regular preventive check-ups, and access reliable information from healthcare professionals, EODY advises.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) highlights the importance of consistent condom use during all types of sexual activity — vaginal, anal, and oral. It is recommended to get tested for STIs before engaging in unprotected sex with new partners, as many infections can be asymptomatic. If pre-sex testing is not possible, post-contact testing is crucial, even if no symptoms are visible.
According to EODY, mpox can also be transmitted through sexual contact, primarily via skin-to-skin contact. Most mpox cases recorded in Europe and Greece involve men who have sex with men. Additionally, some infections that cause severe diarrhea — such as shigella and hepatitis A — can also be passed on through sexual contact between men.
Avoiding the shared use of sex toys and ensuring proper cleaning and disinfection after use is strongly advised. Equally important is washing hands and genital and anal areas before and after sexual activity.
Vaccinations against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and mpox, along with preventive measures such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention, can help reduce the risk of infection, EODY states. Prevention, continuous education, open communication with sexual partners and healthcare providers, can contribute to limiting the spread of STIs, HIV, mpox, and viral hepatitis.